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| Software Engineering Process |
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Analysis and Design
As part of the analysis and design discipline, the application's requirements are further refined. A comprehensive design model
is created; this design model will serve as the basis for implementation activities.
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Discipline Details
During the analysis and design discipline, the business analysis and requirements outputs are used as the basis for creating the
system design that will be used as the basis for implementation. The database design, class design, and user interface design
models are all created or modified during this discipline. These artifacts, along with supplementary design information, form the
basis of the design document. In addition to design documentation, the software architecture document is created during this discipline.
The architecture document serves as a blueprint of the system architecture, providing a variety of architectural views of the system.
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Activities
Analysis and design activities are completed primarily by the software architect and software designers. There may be a number of
different types of designers, each focused on a particular view of the design. The primary activities completed during this discipline are:
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- Definition of the software architecture
- Object oriented analysis and design
- Database design
- User interface design
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Artifacts
Five artifacts are produced or refined as part of the analysis and design discipline. These artifacts are:
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- Software Architecture - The software architecture document serves as a blueprint of the system's architecture, providing a
variety of architectural views of the system. This document serves as a medium for communicating critical design decisions that
have been made and their impact on the system with the team as well as with external stakeholders.
- Database Design Model - The database design model describes the logical and physical representation of the data used by the
application. This model may include physical database objects that define the interaction of the database with the application.
- Class Design Model - The class design model artifact represents the realization of the system use cases and refinement of
the domain model, incorporating design decisions and common design patterns. The class design model specifies the implementation
details that will need to be put into practice during implementation.
- User Interface Design Model - The user interface design model is an optional design artifact consisting of user interface
prototypes, navigation maps, and other UI design views. It is not a required element if the system has a very simple user interface
or non-standard user interface (e.g. batch or Web Service UI). In particular, User Experience (UX) modeling with UML may prove to
be a very valuable part of this design artifact for more complicated user interfaces.
- Design Document - The design document includes, by reference, the class model, database design model and the user interface
design model. Other specific design elements such as packages, components, activity diagrams and sequence diagrams are included in
this artifact as well.
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Tools
There are two two primary tool groups used to support analysis and design activities and produce artifacts for this discipline. These tools are: |
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- Database Design Tools - Database design tools are used to visually model the database organization and structure. In particular, as part
of analysis and design, they are used to establish the physical structure of the database and its associated objects.
- Analysis and Design Tools - Analysis and design tools are used to visually model the application being built. Visual modeling may include
static and dynamic diagrams, user experience models and other similar representations. Many tools have the ability to generate some
implementation artifacts (i.e. code) from the design artifacts that can then be used and modified during implementation.
External Dependencies
The analysis and design discipline is internally dependant upon the business modeling discipline. The conceptual data model developed as part of
business modeling is extended during as part of this discipline to form the database design model.
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| Copyright© 2006-2009 Lorenzo Oldain Thompson, CPA, P.A. All Rights Reserved. |
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